Publication Code: Y86B
Development is the result of human labor, ingenuity, vision, and capacity for innovation, cooperation and change. Development not only depends on these qualities, it must continually enhance them to be sustainable. Thus the requisites of development are not at the same time some of its principal benefits. Increased opportunity, income and choice; improved nutrition, health and well-being; increased educational attainment and skills; community cooperation, security, and cultural continuity are necessary for development. They are simultaneously some of its most important goals and results.
The important issues in human resource development thus include employment, unemployment and migration -- how people participate in development -- and the efficiency, quality, finance, pricing, subsidy, and equity of investments and services to enhance their ability to participate - principally, education, training, health, and family planning.
In this paper we analyze migration, employment, education and health. For each, we assess the current situation and trends, attempt to model or explain the underlying behavior, make projections through and beyond the Sixth Five Year Plan Period, and specify management and policy implications.
The analysis has some common characteristics. It is based on available data-sets, makes use of various econometric estimation techniques and ranges of assumptions about future conditions. We have tried to be explicit about the limitation of the data, the models and the assumptions. These limitations need to be kept in mind in interpreting the results summarized below and in the individual chapters.
Finally, the analysis has a common perspective. The view in this paper is of people as actors in development, not simply as acted upon. The focus is not on assessing "needs" but on understanding behavior. And the principal policy and management questions are not primarily how government should supply services, but rather how and when it should intervene in markets and when it should not.
December 1986