Table of Contents

Executive Summary

1.    INTRODUCTION

2.    A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THAI COASTAL AREAS

2.1    Thailand's Marine and Coastal Resources
2.2    Thailand's Economic and Sectoral Development
2.3    Historical Patterns of Coastal Resource Use and Change
2.4    Analysis of the Current Situation
2.5    Main Socio-economic Indicators for the Thai Coastal Zone Management

3.    THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC GROWTH ON COASTAL ENVIRONMENT

3.1    Land use changes
3.2    Hydrological Changes, Pollution, Waste Disposal and Sedimentation
3.3    Declining marine resources
3.4    Impacts on sensitive ecosystems

3.4.1    Mangroves
3.4.2    Sea grasses
3.4.3    Coral Reefs

3.5    Regional patterns of environmental impacts

4.    STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS

4.1    Artisanal fisheries and small-scale fish farmers

4.1.1    Artisanal Fisheries
4.1.2    Small Scale Fish Farmers

4.2    The Private Sector:

4.2.1    Commercial Fisheries
4.2.2    Shrimp Farmers
4.2.3    Seafood processors

4.3    Consumers
4.4    Major Public Agencies Concerned with Coastal Areas Management
4.5    Non-governmental Initiatives in Coastal Areas Management
4.6    Implications for the Marine Rehabilitation Plan

5.    INSTITUTIONS FOR COASTAL MANAGEMENT: PLANS, POLICIES, LEGISLATION AND ORGANISATIONS

5.1    Development Policies and Plans in Thailand
5.2    Coastal and Marine Resource Policies under National Plans
5.3    The National Fisheries Plan
5.4    Key Legislation
5.5    Institutional structures: Government agencies

5.5.1    Inter-agency coordination
5.5.2    The National Marine Policy and Restoration Board (NMPRB)

5.6    The Thai Public Sector: Structural Problems
5.7    Traditional Local Institutions in Coastal Thailand: Do They Exist?

6.    KEY ISSUES AND PROBLEMS RELATED TO COASTAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

6.1    Coastal and Marine Resource Exploitation and Multiple Use Conflicts
6.2    Institutional and Legal Constraints
6.3    Important Issues Facing Capture Fisheries

6.3.1    Stock Depletion
6.3.2    Excess Fleet Capacity
6.3.3    Fishing Licence and Navigation Permit
6.3.4    Monitoring and Enforcement
6.3.5    Rights of small-scale fishers

6.4    Important Issues Facing Coastal Aquaculture

6.4.1    Production Crashes and Unsustainability
6.4.2    Farm Registration
6.4.3    Environmental impacts
6.4.4    "Upland" marine shrimp farming
6.4.5    Socio-economic impacts
6.4.6    Zoning
6.4.7    Seawater Irrigation System
6.4.8    Abandoned Farms (Land Dereliction and Debts)
6.4.9    Technology

6.5    Important Issues Facing Fisheries Trade

6.5.1    GSP Status with the European Union
6.5.2    The U.S. Shrimp Ban
6.5.3    Processing Technology and Quality Control
6.5.4    Quality Control
6.5.5    Eco-labeling and Thailand' Preparedness

7.    ENVISIONING THE THAI MARINE FUTURE

7.1    Future trends for the Fisheries Sector

7.1.1    Marine Capture Fisheries
7.1.2    Coastal Aquaculture
7.1.3    Trade Issues

7.2    Conclusions and Recommendations

7.2.1    Recommendations for Responsible and Sustainable Coastal Zone Management

REFERENCES

APPENDIX I.    TERMS OF REFERENCE