1"Will Success Spoil the Party?" The Economist, 25 May 1991, p. 38.

2 "Poised Between Marx and Market." The Economist, 24 February 1990, p. 68.

3 Porter, Gareth, "The Politics of `Renovation' in Vietnam." Problems of Communism, May-June, 1990, p. 73.

4 The Soviet principles of national accounting used by Vietnam ignore some services as "unproductive." Furthermore, since much of the private sector is secretive about their activities, national accounts tend to be inaccurate. For example, the strong recorded growth during 1980-1985 has been attributed in part to the shifting of resources to priority state sectors, while the unrecorded informal sector is believed to have slowed considerably.

5 For a discussion of agricultural reforms, see Vo Nhan Tri's Vietnam's Economic Policy Since 1975. Singapore, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies: 1990, pp. 186-198.

6 Hiebert, Murray, "The Tilling Fields: Rice Glut Worries Vietnamese Farmers." Far Eastern Economic Review, 14 May 1992, pp. 57-58.

7 Shoe-leather costs refer to the incidental costs associated with high levels of inflation. These costs are conceptualized in terms of the wear and tear on one's shoes resulting from the many trips taken to the bank.

8 Porter, op. cit. 1990, pp. 74-75.

9 Vo Nhan Tri, op. cit. 1990, p. 248.

10 "Ho Chi Minh's Heirs, Their Heads in the Clouds." The Economist, 9 February 1991, p. 29.

11 Insight Indochina, Business International, 20 November 1991, p. 87.

12 Ibid, 20 February 1992, p. 16.

13Interview with Raymond Eaton, Export Development Trading Corporation, 30 April 1992.

14"Ho Chi Minh's Heirs, Their Heads in the Clouds." The Economist, 9 February 1991, p. 29.

15McGregor, Charles, "China, Vietnam, and the Cambodian Conflict: Beijing's End Game Strategy." Asian Survey, Vol. 30, No. 3, March 1990, p. 269.

16Insight Indochina, Business International, Vol. 3, No. 2, 20 February 1992, pp. 9-12.

17The Nation, 30 April 1992, p. B4.

18Interview with Raymond Eaton, Export Development Trading Corporation, 14 May 1992.

19Hiebert, Murray, "See-Saw Fortunes: Vietnam Looks to Asia after Soviet Collapse," Far Eastern Economic Review, 14 May 1992, pp. 56-57.

20Insight Indochina, Business International, 20 July, 1991, p. 50.

21 Thai firms that have invested in these sectors include: Bangna Steel Works, which has set up a joint venture tapioca processing plant with an Indonesian firm; Indochina Innovation, which is processing Tiger prawns; Thai Pochana Food Cannery, which has invested in a feedmill; and the CP Group and Huay Chuan, which are trading agricultural products.

22 Insight Indochina, Business International, 20 November 1991, p.88.

23 The Asian Newly Industrialized Economies include Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

24 See Scalapino, Robert, "Political Trends in Asia and Their Implications for the Region," in Robert A. Scalapino, Seizaburo Sato, Jusuf Wanandi, and Sung-joo Han, Asia and the Major Powers: Domestic Politics and Foreign Policy. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1988.